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One supply suggests that atgeirr, kesja, and höggspjót all check with the identical weapon. A more cautious reading of the saga texts doesn't support this idea. The saga text suggests similarities between atgeirr and kesja, which are primarily used for thrusting, and between höggspjót and bryntröll, which have been primarily used for chopping. Whatever the weapons might have been, they appear to have been more effective, and used with greater power, than a more typical axe or spear. Perhaps this impression is because these weapons were sometimes wielded by saga heros, comparable to Gunnar and Egill. Yet Hrútr, who used a bryntröll so successfully in Laxdæla saga, was an 80-12 months-previous man and was thought not to present any real risk. Perhaps examples of those weapons do survive in archaeological finds, but the options that distinguished them to the eyes of a Viking are not so distinctive that we in the trendy era would classify them as different weapons. A careful reading of how the atgeir is used in the sagas gives us a tough thought of the size and shape of the top essential to perform the moves described.

This size and form corresponds to some artifacts found in the archaeological record which can be often categorized as spears. The saga textual content additionally gives us clues concerning the length of the shaft. This info has allowed us to make a speculative reproduction of an atgeir, which we have now utilized in our Viking fight training (right). Although speculative, this work means that the atgeir really is special, the king of weapons, each for vary and for attacking prospects, performing above all other weapons. The lengthy attain of the atgeir held by the fighter on the left may be clearly seen, in comparison with the sword and one-hand axe in the fighter on the appropriate. In chapter sixty six of Grettis saga, a giant used a fleinn against Grettir, normally translated as "pike". The weapon is also referred to as a heftisax, a phrase not in any other case recognized in the saga literature. In chapter fifty three of Egils saga is a detailed description of a brynþvari (mail scraper), often translated as "halberd".

It had a rectangular blade two ells (1m) long, however the picket shaft measured only a hand's length. So little is thought of the brynklungr (mail bramble) that it's normally translated merely as "weapon". Similarly, sviða is sometimes translated as "sword" and typically as "halberd". In chapter 58 of Eyrbyggja saga, Þórir threw his sviða at Óspakr, hitting him within the leg. Óspakr pulled the weapon out of the wound and threw it again, killing one other man. Rocks have been usually used as missiles in a fight. These effective and readily accessible weapons discouraged one's opponents from closing the gap to combat with typical weapons, and so they may very well be lethal weapons in their very own proper. Prior to the battle described in chapter forty four of Eyrbyggja saga, Steinþórr selected to retreat to the rockslide on the hill at Geirvör (left), where his men would have a ready supply of stones to throw down at Snorri goði and his men.

Búi Andríðsson never carried a weapon other than his sling, which he tied around himself. He used the sling with lethal outcomes on many events. Búi was ambushed by Helgi and Vakr and ten other men on the hill known as Orrustuhóll (battle hill, the smaller hill in the foreground in the photograph), as described in chapter 11 of Kjalnesinga saga. By the point Búi's supply of stones ran out, he had killed four of his ambushers. A speculative reconstruction of utilizing stones as missiles in battle is proven on this Viking fight demonstration video, a part of an extended combat. Rocks had been used during a fight to finish an opponent, or to take the combat out of him so he may very well be killed with typical weapons. After Þorsteinn wounded Finnbogi along with his sword, as is advised in Finnboga saga ramma (ch. 27) Finnbogi struck Þorsteinn with a stone. Þorsteinn fell down unconscious, permitting Finnbogi to cut off his head.